Noemes

Among recurrences detected by surveillance imaging, a larger number of tumor foci at relapse and largest focus size greater than 2 cm are independently associated with inferior overall survival in favorable-histology Wilms tumor.

Eliminating CT scans from routine surveillance programs for favorable-histology Wilms tumor is unlikely to compromise patient survival while substantially reducing radiation exposure and healthcare costs.

Recurrences detected by CT surveillance occur at a shorter median time from diagnosis (0.60 years) compared with those detected by signs/symptoms (0.91 years) or CXR/US (0.86 years) in favorable-histology Wilms tumor.

Surveillance CT detection of Wilms tumor recurrence does not improve 5-year overall survival after relapse compared with chest X-ray and abdominal ultrasound surveillance (65% vs 73%, P=0.20).

In patients with recurrent unilateral favorable-histology Wilms tumor, the estimated 5-year overall survival rate after relapse is approximately 67% regardless of detection modality.

The cardiovascular benefit of icosapent ethyl will not be replicated by other omega-3 fatty acid formulations containing DHA in addition to EPA at comparable doses.

The cardiovascular benefit of icosapent ethyl observed in REDUCE-IT is attributable to mechanisms beyond triglyceride lowering alone, given the magnitude of risk reduction exceeds what triglyceride reduction alone would predict.

Icosapent ethyl 4 g daily is associated with a significantly higher rate of hospitalization for atrial fibrillation or flutter (3.1% vs. 2.1%) compared to placebo in statin-treated patients with elevated triglycerides.

Icosapent ethyl 4 g daily significantly reduces cardiovascular mortality (4.3% vs. 5.2%; HR 0.80) compared to placebo in statin-treated patients with elevated triglycerides.

Icosapent ethyl 4 g daily reduces the key secondary composite endpoint of cardiovascular death, nonfatal MI, or nonfatal stroke by 26% (HR 0.74) compared to placebo in statin-treated patients with elevated triglycerides.

Icosapent ethyl 4 g daily reduces the composite primary endpoint of cardiovascular death, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke, coronary revascularization, or unstable angina by 25% (HR 0.75) compared to placebo in statin-treated patients with elevated triglycerides over a median 4.9-year follow-up.

The cardiovascular benefit of evolocumab will be shown to persist or increase with longer follow-up beyond the 2.2-year median observed in the FOURIER trial.

Patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease whose baseline LDL cholesterol is in the lowest quartile (median ~74 mg/dL) still derive cardiovascular benefit from further LDL lowering with evolocumab.

Evolocumab treatment in ASCVD patients on statins was not associated with a significant increase in new-onset diabetes or neurocognitive adverse events compared with placebo.

Evolocumab significantly reduced the key secondary composite endpoint of cardiovascular death, MI, or stroke (HR 0.80; 95% CI 0.73–0.88) compared with placebo in ASCVD patients receiving background statin therapy.

Evolocumab added to statin therapy significantly reduced the composite primary endpoint of cardiovascular death, MI, stroke, unstable angina hospitalization, or coronary revascularization (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.79–0.92) in ASCVD patients over a median 2.2-year follow-up.

In patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease on statin therapy, evolocumab reduced LDL cholesterol by 59% at 48 weeks, from a median of 92 mg/dL to 30 mg/dL, compared with placebo.

The cardiovascular benefit of PCSK9 inhibition with alirocumab will be confirmed as a class effect applicable to other PCSK9 inhibitors in post-ACS patients on maximally tolerated statin therapy.

Alirocumab subcutaneous injection every two weeks causes a higher rate of local injection-site reactions compared to placebo in post-ACS patients (3.8% vs. 2.1%).

The absolute cardiovascular benefit of alirocumab over placebo is greater in post-ACS patients with a baseline LDL cholesterol of 100 mg/dL or higher compared to those with lower baseline LDL levels.

Alirocumab treatment is associated with a numerically lower all-cause mortality rate compared to placebo in post-ACS patients on high-intensity statins (3.5% vs. 4.1%; HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.73–0.98).

Alirocumab added to high-intensity statin therapy reduces the composite risk of coronary heart disease death, nonfatal MI, ischemic stroke, or unstable angina hospitalization compared to placebo in patients with recent acute coronary syndrome (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.78–0.93).

SGLT2 inhibitor class benefits observed in type 2 diabetes cardiovascular outcome trials will generalize to the broader HFrEF population, including patients without diabetes.

Dapagliflozin does not increase the frequency of adverse events related to volume depletion, renal dysfunction, or hypoglycemia compared to placebo in HFrEF patients.